Near real-time 10-minute automated in-situ ground-based meteorological surface observations in the Netherlands

Times in the file and filename are stored in UTC. The timestamp in the filename implies the 10-minute interval preceding that timestamp. For example, the filename ‘KMDS__OPER_P___10M_OBS_L2_202301010900.nc’  corresponds to the 10-minute interval 08:50-09:00 UTC. For the Netherlands, local time is UTC+1 (CET) and during daylight saving times local time is UTC+2 (CEST).  

Individual variables may be measured and aggregated over a different time interval. This can be shorter or longer than the 10-minute interval of the file. This is denoted in the description of the variable. The variables rh10, t10, and td10 have their timestamp in the middle of the time interval. For example, in the file  'KMDS__OPER_P___10M_OBS_L2_202301010900.nc’, the time interval is 08:55-09:05. 

The file containing the data for the latest 10-minute interval is available a few minutes later. It is possible that some station's observations may not be immediately available. Typically, stations on North Sea platforms are updated during the next interval. Files can be updated with missing data up to 7 days later.

It is highly recommended to use the MQTT Notification Service to be notified when the dataset receives new or updated files, to always get the latest file without unnecessary polling or redownloading.

The data is available from 2012-01-01 up to the most recent 10-minute interval.

The dataset is available in NetCDF files. The files can be downloaded via the Open Data API. The dataset is also available as an Environmental Data Retrieval (EDR) collection API as the 10-minute-in-situ-meteorological-observations. The EDR API makes it possible to query the dataset on specific variables in a spatio-temporal manner, without requiring the user to download full datasets.

The stations in this dataset are part of the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS). The dataset contains the location, name and the WIGOS identifier of each station. 

A historical record of some of the station metadata is kept in the weather stations dataset on the Data Platform. More metadata and information about the stations can be found in the WMO OSCAR database. 

Some automatic weather stations consist of multiple sublocations where sensors are installed. This is especially the case at aerodromes with multiple sensors for aviation purposes. This dataset represents measurements from those sensors that are installed with minimal local effects, to ensure representative synoptic observations at each station.  

It is important to note that some of the weather stations in this dataset may not yet be completely operational. The data are representative and valid for the measured weather conditions but have not yet been incorporated into other, climatologically validated, datasets. 

Not all stations are present during the entire runtime of the dataset. Stations have been added and decommissioned since 2012-01-01. The start and end dates can also be found in the station metadata.

In the table below is a list of all variables that are available at one or more stations, with their description and their units. You may find comments next to some variables, those are written out in the table below.  

Note:  Not all stations measure all variables.